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Introduction
The International Day of Science, Technology, and Innovation for the South is celebrated annually on September 16, aiming to highlight and promote technological innovations in the Global South.
There is no doubt that science, technology, and innovation have become pivotal parts of our lives by making various tasks simpler, more efficient, and beneficial. These advancements present humanity with opportunities to develop and progress to new heights. Unfortunately, this potential for growth is largely concentrated in certain regions, particularly the Global North or developed nations.
High-income countries account for 77% of global research and development (R&D) spending, while low-income countries contribute just 0.3%. In reality, R&D is even more concentrated in a few countries.
The primary reasons for this disparity include a lack of funding, reluctance to share niche technologies, and even cultural barriers. This puts the underdeveloped and developing nations, collectively known as the Global South, at a disadvantage.
To achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030, it is essential to establish a strong R&D foundation to address complex issues such as poverty, climate change, and pandemics.
Therefore, the International Day of Science, Technology, and Innovation for the South is observed each year to enhance the Global South’s potential in these critical fields. During the Summit on Science, Technology, and Innovation held in Havana on 15 and 16 September 2023, the leaders of the G77 and China agreed to designate 16 September as the International Day of Science, Technology, and Innovation for the South. The United Nations General Assembly formally adopted this designation through Resolution A/RES/78/259. The summit also highlighted the importance of science, technology, and innovation (STI) in the efficient use of natural resources and economic development.
Way Forward
Here are some steps that the Global South should follow for advancement in the STI sphere:
- Increased funding for research in science, technology, and innovation
- Enhanced collaboration among Global South countries in various domains such as medicine, energy, and education
- More grants should be provided to educational institutions for research
- Better stipends and opportunities for researchers
- Transforming education systems from rote learning to research and innovation-oriented models
Shervill Poonia (Intern, Roya Institute Global Justice- India)